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KMID : 1137820170380060342
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의공학회지
2017 Volume.38 No. 6 p.342 ~ p.351
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Principles and Current Trends of Neural Decoding
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Kim Kwang-Soo
Ahn Jung-Ryul
Cha Seong-Kwang
Koo Kyo-In
Goo Yong-Sook
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Abstract
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The neural decoding is a procedure that uses spike trains fired by neurons to estimate features of original stimulus. This is a fundamental step for understanding how neurons talk each other and, ultimately, how brains manage information. In this paper, the strategies of neural decoding are classified into three methodologies: rate decoding, temporal decoding, and population decoding, which are explained. Rate decoding is the firstly used and simplest decoding method in which the stimulus is reconstructed from the numbers of the spike at given time (e. g. spike rates). Since spike number is a discrete number, the spike rate itself is often not continuous and quantized, therefore if the stimulus is not static and simple, rate decoding may not provide good estimation for stimulus. Temporal decoding is the decoding method in which stimulus is reconstructed from the timing information when the spike fires. It can be useful even for rapidly changing stimulus, and our sensory system is believed to have temporal rather than rate decoding strategy. Since the use of large numbers of neurons is one of the operating principles of most nervous systems, population decoding has advantages such as reduction of uncertainty due to neuronal variability and the ability to represent a stimulus attributes simultaneously. Here, in this paper, three different decoding methods are introduced, how the information theory can be used in the neural decoding area is also given, and at the last machinelearning based algorithms for neural decoding are introduced.
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KEYWORD
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neural decoding, spike trains, rate decoding, temporal decoding, population decoding, information theory, and machine-learning
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